Malunga nobhedu

Ubhedusesinye sezinyithi zakuqala ezafunyanwa kwaye zasetyenziswa ngabantu, ezimfusa-bomvu, umxhuzulane okhethekileyo 8.89, indawo yokunyibilika 1083.4℃.I-Copper kunye ne-alloys zayo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kombane kunye nokuhamba kakuhle kwe-thermal, ukuxhathisa okuqinileyo kwe-corrosion, ukusetyenzwa lula, amandla okuqina kunye namandla okudinwa, okwesibini kuphela kwintsimbi kunye ne-aluminiyam ekusetyenzisweni kwezinto zetsimbi, kwaye ziye zaba zizinto ezisisiseko eziyimfuneko kunye neqhinga. imathiriyeli kuqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nokuphila kwabantu, iiprojekthi zokhuselo lwesizwe kunye nemimandla yobugcisa obuphezulu.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lombane, ishishini koomatshini, ishishini imichiza, ishishini lokhuselo lwesizwe kunye namanye amasebe.Umgubo ocoliweyo wobhedu ngumgxininisi owenziwe ngentsimbi ekrwada ekrwada ekwinqanaba elisezantsi enobhedu efikelele kwisalathiso somgangatho othile ngenkqubo yebeneficiation kwaye inokunikezelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwizinyibilikisi zokunyibilikisa ubhedu.

Ubhedu yintsimbi enzima, indawo yokunyibilika kwayo yi-1083 degrees celcius, indawo yokubilisa yi-2310 degrees, ubhedu obusulungekileyo bumfusa-bomvu.Isinyithi sobhedu sinombane olungileyo kunye ne-thermal conductivity, kwaye ukuqhutyelwa kwayo kombane kukwinqanaba lesibini kuzo zonke isinyithi, okwesibini kuphela kwisilivere.I-thermal conductivity yayo ikwinqanaba lesithathu, okwesibini kwisilivere negolide.Ubhedu olusulungekileyo lulolongeka ngokugqithisileyo, ubungakanani bethontsi lamanzi, lunokutsalwa kumsonto obude obuziimitha ezingama-2,000, okanye luqengqeleke kwifoyile ephantse ibe sobala ebanzi kunomgangatho webhedi.

 

"I-white phosphor copper plating" kufuneka ithethe "ubhedu lwe-phosphor olunombala omhlophe phezu komhlaba"."Ukufakwa okumhlophe" kunye "nobhedu lwephosphor" kufuneka kuqondwe ngokwahlukileyo.

Ukucwenga okumhlophe -- Imbonakalo yombala wengubo imhlophe.Izinto zokugqoka zihlukile okanye ifilimu yokugqithisa ihluke, umbala wokubonakala kwengubo ukwahluka.I-Phosphor copper tinning yezixhobo zombane imhlophe ngaphandle kokudlula.

 

Ubhedu lwe-phosphorus - ubhedu oluqukethe i-phosphorus.Ikhopha yePhosphorus kulula ukuyithengisa kwaye inokwaluka okulungileyo, kwaye iqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane.

 

Ubhedu obomvulubhedu.Ifumana igama layo kumbala wayo omfusa.Jonga ubhedu kwiipropati ezahlukeneyo.

Ubhedu olubomvu lubhedu olusulungekileyo lweshishini, indawo yokunyibilika kwayo yi-1083 °C, akukho nguquko ye-isomerism, kwaye ukuxinana kwayo yi-8.9, ngokuphindwe kahlanu kune-magnesium.Malunga ne-15% enzima kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo.Ivukile ibomvu, imfusa emva kokubunjwa kwefilimu ye-oxide phezu komhlaba, ngoko ibizwa ngokuba yithusi.Lubhedu oluqulethe umlinganiselo othile weoksijini, ngoko ke ikwabizwa ngokuba lubhedu oluneoksijini.

Ubhedu olubomvu luthiywe ngombala walo obomvu.Akunjalo ubhedu olucocekileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inani elincinci lezinto ze-deoxidation okanye ezinye izinto zongezwa ukuphucula izinto kunye nokusebenza, ngoko ke ikwahlelwa njenge-alloy yobhedu.Izinto zokucutshungulwa kobhedu zaseTshayina zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezine ngokokwakheka: ubhedu oluqhelekileyo (T1, T2, T3, T4), ubhedu olungenawo oksijini (TU1, TU2 kunye nococeko oluphezulu, i-vacuum i-oxygen-free copper), i-deoxidized copper (TUP). , TUMn), kunye nobhedu olukhethekileyo (ithusi le-arsenic, ubhedu lwe-tellurium, ubhedu lwesilivere) kunye nenani elincinci lezinto zokudibanisa.I-conductivity yombane kunye ne-thermal yobhedu yesibini kuphela kwisilivere, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yezixhobo zokuqhuba kunye ne-thermal.I-Copper emoyeni, amanzi olwandle kunye nezinye i-acids non-oxidizing (i-hydrochloric acid, i-dilute sulfuric acid), i-alkali, isisombululo setyuwa kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-asidi eziphilayo (i-acetic acid, i-citric acid), inokumelana nokugqwala okulungileyo, esetyenziswa kwishishini lemichiza.Ukongeza, ubhedu lunokuwelda okulungileyo kwaye lunokwenziwa kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo ezigqityiweyo kunye neemveliso ezigqityiweyo ngokubanda kunye ne-thermoplastic processing.Ngeminyaka yee-1970, ukuveliswa kobhedu obomvu kudlule imveliso epheleleyo yazo zonke ezinye iialloys zobhedu.